:root{--page:#f2f4f6;--paper:#ffffff;--ink:#18212f;--ink-soft:#4f5a6b;--rule:#d5dbe3;--rule-strong:#aeb7c4;--action:#2446c7;--action-ink:#ffffff;--stamp:#b8322b;--focus:#2446c7;--radius-field:6px;--radius-panel:10px;--font:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,sans-serif;--measure:68ch;--wrap:1080px;color-scheme:light}*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0;background:var(--page);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}img,svg{max-width:100%;height:auto}a{color:var(--action);text-underline-offset:0.18em}a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--focus);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:3px}.wrap{width:min(var(--wrap),100% - 32px);margin-inline:auto}.skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px;top:8px;background:var(--paper);padding:8px 12px;z-index:10}.skip:focus{left:8px}h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.2;text-wrap:balance}p,li{text-wrap:pretty}label{font-weight:600;font-size:0.9375rem}input[type="text"],input[type="number"],input[type="time"],select{font:inherit;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);border:1.5px solid var(--rule-strong);border-radius:var(--radius-field);padding:0.55em 0.7em;width:100%;min-height:48px}input:focus-visible,select:focus-visible{outline-offset:0;border-color:var(--focus)}input[aria-invalid="true"]{border-color:var(--stamp)}button{font:inherit;cursor:pointer}.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:0.4em;min-height:44px;padding:0.5em 1em;border-radius:var(--radius-field);border:1.5px solid var(--action);background:var(--action);color:var(--action-ink);font-weight:600}.btn-quiet{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:40px;padding:0.4em 0.8em;border-radius:var(--radius-field);border:1.5px solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-weight:600;font-size:0.9375rem}.btn-quiet:hover{border-color:var(--ink-soft)}.visually-hidden{position:absolute !important;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*::before,*::after{animation:none !important;transition:none !important}}@media print{body{background:#fff}.no-print,header.site,footer.site,.crumbs,.ad-slot{display:none !important}}:root{--font:"Public Sans",system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;--page:#eef1f4;--paper:#ffffff;--ink:#18212f;--ink-soft:#4f5a6b;--rule:#d5dbe3;--rule-strong:#a9b3c1;--grid:#e6eaf0;--action:#2446c7;--stamp:#b8322b;--stamp-wash:#fbeeed}header.site{background:var(--ink);color:#fff}.site-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;min-height:60px;flex-wrap:wrap}.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-weight:800;font-size:1.125rem;letter-spacing:-0.01em}.brand .mark{width:26px;height:26px}.hub-nav ul{display:flex;gap:4px 20px;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;flex-wrap:wrap}.hub-nav a{color:#d7deea;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600;font-size:0.9375rem;padding:6px 0;border-bottom:2px solid transparent}.hub-nav a:hover,.hub-nav a[aria-current]{color:#fff;border-bottom-color:#fff}.sheet{background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-top:0;padding:20px 24px 48px}@media (min-width:760px){.sheet{padding:28px 48px 64px}}.crumbs ol{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px;margin:0 0 20px;padding:0;font-size:0.875rem;color:var(--ink-soft)}.crumbs li + li::before{content:"/";margin-right:6px;color:var(--rule-strong)}.crumbs a{color:var(--ink-soft)}.tool-head h1{font-size:clamp(1.875rem,1.3rem + 2.2vw,2.75rem);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-0.025em;margin:0 0 8px}.tool-head .intro{font-size:1.125rem;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 24px;max-width:60ch}.calc{display:grid;gap:0;border:1.5px solid var(--ink);border-radius:var(--radius-panel);overflow:hidden}@media (min-width:860px){.calc{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(0,1fr)}}.calc-form{padding:20px;background:#f8fafc}@media (min-width:860px){.calc-form{padding:24px 28px;border-right:1.5px solid var(--ink)}}.entries{display:grid;gap:12px}.entry{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 5.5rem 2.25rem;gap:10px;align-items:end}.entry .field{display:grid;gap:4px}.entry + .entry label{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0)}.entry-dec{min-height:48px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;font-weight:700;font-size:1.0625rem;color:var(--ink-soft);border-bottom:1.5px dashed var(--rule-strong);padding-right:2px}.entry-dec::before{content:"= ";color:var(--rule-strong);margin-right:4px;font-weight:600}.entry-remove{min-height:48px;width:2.25rem;border:0;background:none;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1;border-radius:var(--radius-field)}.entry-remove:hover{color:var(--stamp);background:var(--stamp-wash)}@media (max-width:420px){.entry{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 4.5rem 2rem;gap:8px}}.field-error{color:var(--stamp);font-weight:600;font-size:0.9375rem;margin:12px 0 0}.calc-tools{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;margin-top:18px}.places{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}.places label{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-soft);white-space:nowrap}.places select{width:auto;min-height:40px;padding:0.3em 0.5em}.result{padding:22px 20px 24px;background:var(--paper);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}@media (min-width:860px){.result{padding:28px}}.result-label{margin:0;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink-soft)}.stamp{margin:10px 0 8px;display:inline-flex;align-items:baseline;gap:10px;align-self:flex-start;color:var(--stamp);border:3px solid var(--stamp);border-radius:8px;padding:4px 18px 6px;transform:rotate(-1.5deg);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px var(--paper),inset 0 0 0 3.5px var(--stamp)}.stamp-num{font-size:clamp(2.75rem,2rem + 3vw,4rem);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-0.03em;line-height:1.05}.stamp-unit{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700}.result-working{margin:6px 0 18px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.9375rem}.result-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}.article{max-width:var(--measure);margin-top:48px}.article h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-0.015em;margin:44px 0 12px}.article h3{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700;margin:24px 0 6px}.article p{margin:0 0 14px}.formula{font-weight:700;font-size:1.1875rem;border-left:4px solid var(--ink);padding:6px 0 6px 14px;margin:18px 0 !important}table.compare{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:12px 0 18px;font-size:0.9875rem}table.compare th,table.compare td{text-align:left;padding:9px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}table.compare thead th{border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--ink);font-weight:700}table.compare td:last-child,table.compare th:last-child{text-align:right}.chart{margin:18px 0 8px;max-width:none}.chart figcaption{font-weight:700;margin-bottom:10px}.chart-cols{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 18px;border-top:1.5px solid var(--ink)}@media (min-width:760px){.chart-cols{grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--cols),minmax(0,1fr))}}.chart table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:0.9375rem}.chart th{text-align:left;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.8125rem;padding:8px 6px 4px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-strong)}.chart th:last-child,.chart td:last-child{text-align:right}.chart td{padding:4px 6px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--grid)}.chart tbody tr:nth-child(5n) td{border-bottom-color:var(--rule-strong)}.chart td:last-child{font-weight:700}.print-chart{margin-top:14px}.faq{max-width:var(--measure);margin-top:48px}.faq h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 12px}.faq details{border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.faq details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.faq summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:700;padding:14px 0;list-style-position:outside}.faq summary::marker{color:var(--ink-soft)}.faq-a{padding:0 0 14px;color:var(--ink)}.faq-a p{margin:0}.related{margin-top:48px}.related h2{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 12px}.related ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:grid;gap:10px;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr))}.related a{display:grid;gap:2px;padding:12px 14px;border:1.5px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--radius-field);text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}.related a:hover{border-color:var(--ink)}.related-name{font-weight:700}.related-blurb{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.9375rem}.updated{margin-top:40px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.875rem}.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(1.875rem,1.3rem + 2.2vw,2.75rem);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-0.025em;margin:0 0 10px}.page-head p{font-size:1.125rem;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:60ch;margin:0 0 28px}.tool-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;border-top:1.5px solid var(--ink)}.tool-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.tool-list a{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:4px 16px;padding:16px 4px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}.tool-list a:hover .tool-list-name{text-decoration:underline}.tool-list-name{font-weight:700;font-size:1.125rem}.tool-list-blurb{grid-column:1;color:var(--ink-soft)}.tool-list-hub{grid-row:1 / span 2;grid-column:2;align-self:center;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.875rem}.hub-block + .hub-block{margin-top:36px}.hub-block h2{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:800;margin:0 0 8px}.prose{max-width:var(--measure)}.prose h2{font-size:1.375rem;font-weight:800;margin:32px 0 10px}.ad-slot{min-height:280px;margin:32px 0;background:var(--page)}footer.site{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.9375rem;padding:32px 0 48px}.site-foot{display:grid;gap:24px}@media (min-width:760px){.site-foot{grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr}}.foot-brand{font-weight:800;color:var(--ink);margin:0 0 6px}.foot-note{margin:0;max-width:52ch}footer.site ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:6px}footer.site a{color:var(--ink-soft)}@media print{body[data-printing] main>*{display:none}body[data-printing] .sheet{border:0;padding:0}body[data-printing] main>.wrap{display:block}body[data-printing] .sheet>:not(.article){display:none}body[data-printing] .article>section:not(:has(.chart)){display:none}body[data-printing] .article>section>:not(.chart){display:none}.print-chart{display:none}.chart-cols{grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--cols),1fr)}}.result-note{margin:-8px 0 16px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);background:var(--page);border-left:3px solid var(--action);padding:6px 10px;font-size:0.9375rem}.calc-fields{display:grid;gap:14px}.calc-fields .field{display:grid;gap:4px}.field-hint{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:400}@media (min-width:560px){.calc-fields.two{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}.entry.one{grid-template-columns:1fr 6rem 2.25rem}.calc-help{margin:14px 0 0}